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| Introduction |
Handmade paper making is one of the most well-kept secrets of today in the village industry .Handmade paper units can be as small as of 50 kg per day. It would be within the reach to set up such unit at many places. This would not only help in increasing the production of paper but also bring upliftment of the weaker section of the society. The raw material for making hand made paper could be cotton linter, tailor cuttings, hosiery waste, bast fibers (jute/ hemp etc), wheat straw, rice straw, bagasse, cotton stalk, grasses, Different kind of agro and forest wastes, waste paper etc. These raw materials are easily available in villages. The technology for making handmade paper includes simplicity of operation, low cost of installation and the same equipment can produce any and many varieties of hand made paper.
The hand made paper production is an age-old process . The usual paper making process in a mill is highly polluting. The black liquor generated by pulping, bleach and boiler emission are great problem for the paper industry, while hand made paper (HMP) making is based on a clean process with negligible or very litter pollution. Thus HMP industry is a sunrise industry with a remarkable increase of about 150% in annual production.
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| How paper is made? |
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In paper manufacturing the fibrous portion of the plants are reduced to pulp by chemical or biological action followed by mechanical process of grinding. Paper is made by deposition, from a dilute water suspension of pulp, an even layer of cellulose fiber on fine screen that permits the water to drain through but retains the intermingled particles of cellulose. This layer of fibers, removed from the screen and finally pressed and dried, becomes a sheet with cohesive strength and associated properties that we recognize as paper. The characteristic quality of the paper produced depends on the color, length, diameter, flexibility, strength and other related properties of the fibers used.
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| Fibers used in paper making |
- Seed hair fiber- cotton, silk-cotton, hemp, jute, flex etc.
- Stem fiber - corn, sugarcane, bamboo, banana, straw etc.
- Leaf fiber – aloe, pineapple leaf, palm, banana etc.
- Fruit fiber – coconut
- Wood fiber – spruce, cedar, maple, eucalyptus etc.
- Waste papers – shredded currency waste, office records, press cuttings etc. Fiber Cutter
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| Objectives |
The main focus of the project should be Motivation, Training, Information dissemination, and Technical and Financial assistance for setting up of eco-friendly paper processing centers in the rural areas.
Service requirements for 100 Kg per day
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Water |
1000 lit./ day |
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Power |
80 H.P. |
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Building |
2,000 sq. ft. |
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Drying shed |
3000 sq. ft. |
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Employment |
20 persons/ shift |
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Equipments
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The equipment and machines required includes:
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Rag Choppers |
| (ii) |
Beaters |
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Pulp tanks |
| (iv) |
Calendar machines |
| (v) |
Agitators |
| (vi) |
Hydraulic Press |
| (vii) |
Cylinder mould, vat power driven machine etc. |
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Economics
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